from typing import Optional, TypeVar

from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
from rest_framework import HTTP_HEADER_ENCODING, authentication
from rest_framework.request import Request

from .exceptions import AuthenticationFailed, InvalidToken, TokenError
from .models import TokenUser
from .settings import api_settings
from .tokens import Token
from .utils import get_md5_hash_password

AUTH_HEADER_TYPES = api_settings.AUTH_HEADER_TYPES

if not isinstance(api_settings.AUTH_HEADER_TYPES, (list, tuple)):
    AUTH_HEADER_TYPES = (AUTH_HEADER_TYPES,)

AUTH_HEADER_TYPE_BYTES: set[bytes] = {
    h.encode(HTTP_HEADER_ENCODING) for h in AUTH_HEADER_TYPES
}

AuthUser = TypeVar("AuthUser", AbstractBaseUser, TokenUser)


class JWTAuthentication(authentication.BaseAuthentication):
    """
    An authentication plugin that authenticates requests through a JSON web
    token provided in a request header.
    """

    www_authenticate_realm = "api"
    media_type = "application/json"

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.user_model = get_user_model()

    def authenticate(self, request: Request) -> Optional[tuple[AuthUser, Token]]:
        header = self.get_header(request)
        if header is None:
            return None

        raw_token = self.get_raw_token(header)
        if raw_token is None:
            return None

        validated_token = self.get_validated_token(raw_token)

        return self.get_user(validated_token), validated_token

    def authenticate_header(self, request: Request) -> str:
        return '{} realm="{}"'.format(
            AUTH_HEADER_TYPES[0],
            self.www_authenticate_realm,
        )

    def get_header(self, request: Request) -> bytes:
        """
        Extracts the header containing the JSON web token from the given
        request.
        """
        header = request.META.get(api_settings.AUTH_HEADER_NAME)

        if isinstance(header, str):
            # Work around django test client oddness
            header = header.encode(HTTP_HEADER_ENCODING)

        return header

    def get_raw_token(self, header: bytes) -> Optional[bytes]:
        """
        Extracts an unvalidated JSON web token from the given "Authorization"
        header value.
        """
        parts = header.split()

        if len(parts) == 0:
            # Empty AUTHORIZATION header sent
            return None

        if parts[0] not in AUTH_HEADER_TYPE_BYTES:
            # Assume the header does not contain a JSON web token
            return None

        if len(parts) != 2:
            raise AuthenticationFailed(
                _("Authorization header must contain two space-delimited values"),
                code="bad_authorization_header",
            )

        return parts[1]

    def get_validated_token(self, raw_token: bytes) -> Token:
        """
        Validates an encoded JSON web token and returns a validated token
        wrapper object.
        """
        messages = []
        for AuthToken in api_settings.AUTH_TOKEN_CLASSES:
            try:
                return AuthToken(raw_token)
            except TokenError as e:
                messages.append(
                    {
                        "token_class": AuthToken.__name__,
                        "token_type": AuthToken.token_type,
                        "message": e.args[0],
                    }
                )

        raise InvalidToken(
            {
                "detail": _("Given token not valid for any token type"),
                "messages": messages,
            }
        )

    def get_user(self, validated_token: Token) -> AuthUser:
        """
        Attempts to find and return a user using the given validated token.
        """
        try:
            user_id = validated_token[api_settings.USER_ID_CLAIM]
        except KeyError as e:
            raise InvalidToken(
                _("Token contained no recognizable user identification")
            ) from e

        try:
            user = self.user_model.objects.get(**{api_settings.USER_ID_FIELD: user_id})
        except self.user_model.DoesNotExist as e:
            raise AuthenticationFailed(
                _("User not found"), code="user_not_found"
            ) from e

        if api_settings.CHECK_USER_IS_ACTIVE and not user.is_active:
            raise AuthenticationFailed(_("User is inactive"), code="user_inactive")

        if api_settings.CHECK_REVOKE_TOKEN:
            if validated_token.get(
                api_settings.REVOKE_TOKEN_CLAIM
            ) != get_md5_hash_password(user.password):
                raise AuthenticationFailed(
                    _("The user's password has been changed."), code="password_changed"
                )

        return user


class JWTStatelessUserAuthentication(JWTAuthentication):
    """
    An authentication plugin that authenticates requests through a JSON web
    token provided in a request header without performing a database lookup to obtain a user instance.
    """

    def get_user(self, validated_token: Token) -> AuthUser:
        """
        Returns a stateless user object which is backed by the given validated
        token.
        """
        if api_settings.USER_ID_CLAIM not in validated_token:
            # The TokenUser class assumes tokens will have a recognizable user
            # identifier claim.
            raise InvalidToken(_("Token contained no recognizable user identification"))

        return api_settings.TOKEN_USER_CLASS(validated_token)


JWTTokenUserAuthentication = JWTStatelessUserAuthentication


def default_user_authentication_rule(user: AuthUser) -> bool:
    # Prior to Django 1.10, inactive users could be authenticated with the
    # default `ModelBackend`.  As of Django 1.10, the `ModelBackend`
    # prevents inactive users from authenticating.  App designers can still
    # allow inactive users to authenticate by opting for the new
    # `AllowAllUsersModelBackend`.  However, we explicitly prevent inactive
    # users from authenticating to enforce a reasonable policy and provide
    # sensible backwards compatibility with older Django versions.
    return user is not None and (
        not api_settings.CHECK_USER_IS_ACTIVE or user.is_active
    )
