query("SELECT SUM(payable_amount) as total_sales FROM sales"); $data['total_sales'] = $stmt->fetchColumn() ?: 0; // Total Purchases $stmt = $pdo->query("SELECT SUM(total_amount) as total_purchases FROM purchases"); $data['total_purchases'] = $stmt->fetchColumn() ?: 0; // Total Expenses $stmt = $pdo->query("SELECT SUM(amount) as total_expenses FROM expenses"); $data['total_expenses'] = $stmt->fetchColumn() ?: 0; // Net Profit $data['net_profit'] = $data['total_sales'] - ($data['total_purchases'] + $data['total_expenses']); return $data; }