PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, ]); } catch (PDOException $e) { // If database doesn't exist, create it if ($e->getCode() === 1049) { // SQLSTATE[HY000] [1049] Unknown database try { $tempPdo = new PDO('mysql:host='.DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS, [ PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, ]); $tempPdo->exec('CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `'.DB_NAME.'` CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;'); // Reconnect with the new database $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME.';charset=utf8mb4', DB_USER, DB_PASS, [ PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, ]); } catch (PDOException $ce) { // If creation fails, die die('Failed to create database: ' . $ce->getMessage()); } } else { // For other errors, die die('DB Connection failed: ' . $e->getMessage()); } } return $pdo; }